Checklist of Mangrove species of South East India and Sri Lanka

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Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M. Roem. - MELIACEAE - Dicotyledon

Habit - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Stem - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Compound leaf - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Leaf and flowers - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Leaves and flowers - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Flowers - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Flowers - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Leaves - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Stems - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Fruits - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Fruit - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Seeds - © Pierre GRARD - IFP Bark cut - © Juliana PROSPERI - IFP

Diagnostic characters Botany & morphology Reproductive biology Ecology Distribution Uses

Diagnostic characters :

Large evergreen tree up to 15 m tall, bark red with thick flakes; wood red in colour; pneumatophores woody. Leaves compound. Inflorescence panicle. Fruits small, about size of an orange.

Botany & morphology :

Leaves compound, paripinnate, leaflets 2 - 4 paired, 7-12 x 3-6 cm, ovate, apex acute, base oblique.

Inflorescence lateral cymes, up to 8 cm long.

Flowers white; calyx 4 lobed, short; petals 4, free, spreading, contorted; stamens 8; ovary 4-celled, style thick, stigma short.

Fruits capsular globose, upto 12 cm in diameter, brown; seeds tetrahedral.

Trunk surface rough, dark brown, fissured; bark peeling in narrow strips.

Buttresses absent or very short; horizontal roots developing blunt, peg like, pneumatophores up to 20 cm long and 3 - 4 cm in diameter.

Reproductive biology :

Pollination by bees and short-tongued insects.

Ecology :

Sporadic in the interior elevated areas of mangrove forests.

Distribution :

In India it occurs in Sunderbans, Mahanadi and Andamans and extends upto Malaysia.

Uses :

Wood used for making furniture and to extract tannin.

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